• A comprehensive quantification of global nitrous oxide sources and sinks 

      Tian, Hanqin; Xu, Rongting; Canadell, Josep G.; Thompson, Rona Louise; Winiwarter, Wilfried; Suntharalingam, Parvadha; Davidson, Eric A.; Ciais, Philippe; Jackson, Robert B.; Janssens-Maenhout, Greet; Prather, Michael J.; Regnier, Pierre; Pan, Naiqing; Pan, Shufen; Peters, Glen Philip; Shi, Hao; Tubiello, Francesco N.; Zaehle, Sönke; Zhou, Feng; Arneth, Almut; Battaglia, Gianna; Berthet, Sarah; Bopp, Laurent; Bouwman, Alexander F.; Buitenhuis, Erik T.; Chang, Jinfeng; Chipperfield, Martyn P.; Dangal, Shree R, S,; Dlugokencky, Edward; Elkins, James W.; Eyre, Bradley D.; Fu, Bojie; Hall, Bradley; Ito, Akihiko; Joos, Fortunat; Krummel, Paul B.; Landolfi, Angela; Laruelle, Goulven G.; Lauerwald, Ronny; Li, Wei; Lienert, Sebastian; Maavara, Taylor; Macleod, Michael; Millet, Dylan B.; Olin, Stefan; Patra, Prabir K.; Prinn, Ronald G.; Raymond, Peter A.; Ruiz, Daniel J.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Vuichard, Nicolas; Wang, Junjie; Weiss, Ray F.; Wells, Kelley C.; Wilson, Chris; Yang, Jia; Yao, Yuanzhi (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Nitrous oxide (N2O), like carbon dioxide, is a long-lived greenhouse gas that accumulates in the atmosphere. Over the past 150 years, increasing atmospheric N2O concentrations have contributed to stratospheric ozone ...
    • A credible compliance enforcement system for the climate regime 

      Hovi, Jon; Greaker, Mads; Hagem, Cathrine; Holtsmark, Bjart (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The compliance enforcement system of the Kyoto Protocol provides only weak incentives for Parties to comply with their commitments. For example, the penalties for non-compliant countries are not legally binding, and moreover, ...
    • A credible compliance enforcement system for the climate regime 

      Hovi, Jon; Greaker, Mads; Hagem, Cathrine; Holtsmark, Bjart (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The compliance enforcement system of the Kyoto Protocol provides only weak incentives for Parties to comply with their commitments. For example, the penalties for non-compliant countries are not legally binding, and moreover, ...
    • A multi-method evaluation of the potential for using the electricity bill to encourage energy savings in Norwegian households 

      Westskog, Hege; Sælen, Håkon (Journal article, 2013)
      This study explores whether the electricity bill can be used as a medium to deliver information that encourages energy conservation in Norwegian households. Two main categories of information were tested: social comparative ...
    • A multi-model comparison of meteorological drivers of surface ozone over Europe 

      Otero, Noelia; Sillmann, Jana; Mar, Kathleen; Rust, Henning W.; Solberg, Sverre; Andersson, Camilla; Engardt, Magnuz; Bergström, Robert; Bessagnet, Bertrand; Colette, Augustin; Couvidat, Florian; Cuvelier, Cornelius; Tsyro, Svetlana; Fagerli, Hilde; Schaap, Martijn; Manders, Astrid; Mircea, Mihaela; Briganti, Gino; Cappelletti, Andrea; Adani, Mario; D'Isidoro, Massimo; Pay, María Teresa; Theobald, Mark; Vivanco, Marta G.; Wind, Peter Ariaan; Ojha, Narendra; Raffort, Valentin; Butler, Tim (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)
      The implementation of European emission abatement strategies has led to a significant reduction in the emissions of ozone precursors during the last decade. Ground-level ozone is also influenced by meteorological factors ...
    • A multi-model comparison of meteorological drivers of surface ozone over Europe 

      Otero, Noelia; Sillmann, Jana; Mar, Kathleen; Rust, Henning W.; Solberg, Sverre; Andersson, Camilla; Engardt, Magnuz; Bergström, Robert; Bessagnet, Bertrand; Colette, Augustin; Couvidat, Florian; Cuvelier, Cornelius; Tsyro, Svetlana; Fagerli, Hilde; Schaap, Martijn; Manders, Astrid; Mircea, Mihaela; Briganti, Gino; Cappelletti, Andrea; Adani, Mario; D'Isidoro, Massimo; Pay, María Teresa; Theobald, Mark; Vivanco, Marta G.; Wind, Peter Ariaan; Ojha, Narendra; Raffort, Valentin; Butler, Tim (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)
      The implementation of European emission abatement strategies has led to a significant reduction in the emissions of ozone precursors during the last decade. Ground-level ozone is also influenced by meteorological factors ...
    • A multimodel examination of climate Extremes in an idealized geoengineering experiment 

      Curry, Charles L.; Sillmann, Jana; Bronaugh, David; Alterskjær, Kari; Cole, Jason N.S.; Ji, Duoying; Kravitz, Ben; Kristjansson, Jon Egill; Moore, John C.; Muri, Helene Østlie; Niemeier, Ulrike; Robock, Alan; Tilmes, Simone; Yang, Shuting (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      Temperature and precipitation extremes are examined in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project experiment G1, wherein an instantaneous quadrupling of CO2 from its preindustrial control value is offset by a ...
    • A production-tagged aerosol module for earth system models, OsloAero5.3-extensions and updates for CAM5.3-Oslo 

      Kirkevåg, Alf; Grini, Alf; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Seland, Øyvind; Alterskjær, Kari; Hummel, Matthias; Karset, Inger Helene H.; Lewinschal, Anna; Liu, Xiaohong; Makkonen, Risto; Bethke, Ingo; Griesfeller, Jan; Schulz, Michael; Iversen, Trond (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)
    • A two-track CDM: improved incentives for sustainable development and offset production 

      Torvanger, Asbjørn; Shrivastava, Manish K.; Pandey, Nimisha; Tørnblad, Silje Hexeberg (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has been criticized in the literature for encouraging a focus on offset production (OP) at the expense of achieving or encouraging sustainable development (SD). It is argued that one ...
    • A warmer policy for a colder climate: Can China both reduce poverty and cap carbon emissions? 

      Glomsrød, Solveig; Wei, Taoyuan; Aamaas, Borgar; Lund, Marianne Tronstad; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      Reducing global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is often thought to be at odds with economic growth and poverty reduction. Using an integrated assessment modeling approach, we find that China can cap CO2 emissions at 2015 ...
    • Accelerated increases in global and Asian summer monsoon precipitation from future aerosol reductions 

      Wilcox, Laura J.; Liu, Zhen; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Hawkins, Ed; Lund, Marianne Tronstad; Nordling, Kalle; Undorf, Sabine; Bollasina, Massimo; Ekman, Annica M.L.; Krishnan, Srinath; Merikanto, Joonas; Turner, Andrew G. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      There is a large range of future aerosol emissions scenarios explored in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), with plausible pathways spanning a range of possibilities from large global reductions in emissions by 2050 ...
    • Achievements and needs for the climate change scenario framework 

      O'Neil, Brian C.; Carter, Timothy R.; Ebi, Kristie L.; Harrison, Paula A.; Kemp-Benedict, Eric; Kok, Kasper; Kriegler, Elmar; Preston, Benjamin l.; Riahi, Keywan; Sillmann, Jana; Ruijven, Bas J. van; Vuuren, Detlef Van; Carlisle, David; Conde, Cecilia; Fuglestvedt, Jan S.; Green, Carole; Hasegawa, Tomoko; Leininger, Julia; Monteich, Seth; Pichs-Madruga, Ramon (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Long-term global scenarios have underpinned research and assessment of global environmental change for four decades. Over the past ten years, the climate change research community has developed a scenario framework combining ...
    • Adaptation confusion? A longitudinal examination of the concept “climate change adaptation” in Norwegian municipal surveys. 

      Selseng, Torbjørn; Klemetsen, Marit Elisabeth; Rusdal, Tone (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      In recent decades there has been a surge in the scholarship on climate change adaptation (CCA) terminology, and diverging interpretations of the term have emerged. Given the crucial role of local governments in building ...
    • Adaptation interventions and their effect on vulnerability in developing countries: Help, hindrance or irrelevance? 

      Eriksen, Siri Ellen Hallstrøm; Schipper, Lisa; Scoville-Simonds, Morgan; Vincent, Katharine; Adam, Hans Nicolai; Brooks, Nick; Harding, Brian; Khatri, Dil B.; Lenaerts, Lutgart; Liverman, Diana; Mills-Novoa, Megan; Mosberg, Marianne; Movik, Synne; Muok, Benard; Nightingale, Andrea Joslyn; Ojha, Hemant; Sygna, Linda; Taylor, Marcus; Vogel, Coleen; West, Jennifer Joy (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
    • Adapting Accountability and Emerging Challenges: Contracting-out in the Transport Sector in Switzerland, Norway and Sweden 

      Lieberherr, Eva; Hansson, Lisa; Leiren, Merethe Dotterud; Schmid, Jonas (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Government reforms such as contracting-out continue to influence public service provision within infrastructure sectors. Contracting-out involves a detachment of the operators from political decision-making and the creation ...
    • The added value of km-scale simulations to describe temperature over complex orography: the CORDEX FPS-Convection multi-model ensemble runs over the Alps 

      Soares, P.M.M.; Careto, J.A.M.; Cardoso, Rita M.; Goergen, Klaus; Katragkou, Eleni; Sobolowski, Stefan Pieter; Coppola, Erika; Ban, Nikolina; Belušić, Danijel; Berthou, Ségolène; Caillaud, Cécile; Dobler, Andreas; Hodnebrog, Øivind; Kartsios, Stergios; Lenderink, Geert; Lorenz, Torge; Milovac, Josipa; Feldmann, Hendrik; Pichelli, Emanuela; Truhetz, Heimo; Demory, Marie-Estelle; de Vries, Hylke; Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten; Keuler, Klaus; Raffa, Mario; Tölle, Merja H.; Sieck, Kevin; Bastin, Sophie (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      The increase in computational resources has enabled the emergence of multi-model ensembles of convection-permitting regional climate model (CPRCM) simulations at very high horizontal resolutions. An example is the CORDEX ...
    • Aerosol absorption has an underappreciated role in historical precipitation change 

      Samset, Bjørn Hallvard (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Precipitation change has proven notoriously hard to simulate consistently between global climate models. Aerosol induced shortwave absorption over the historical era is also poorly constrained in both observations and ...
    • Aerosol absorption in global models from AeroCom phase III 

      Sand, Maria; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Myhre, Gunnar; Gliss, Jonas; Bauer, Susanne E.; Bian, Huisheng; Chin, Mian; Checa-Garcia, Ramiro; Ginoux, Paul; Kipling, Zak; Kirkevåg, Alf; Kokkola, Harri; Le Sager, Philippe; Lund, Marianne Tronstad; Matsui, Hitoshi; Van Noije, Twan; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Rémy, Samuel; Schulz, Michael; Stier, Philip; Stjern, Camilla Weum; Takemura, Toshihiko; Tsigaridis, Kostas; Tsyro, Svetlana; Watson-Parris, Duncan (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      Aerosol-induced absorption of shortwave radiation can modify the climate through local atmospheric heating, which affects lapse rates, precipitation, and cloud formation. Presently, the total amount of aerosol absorption ...
    • Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation 

      Sand, Maria; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Balkanski, Yves; Bauer, Susanne; Bellouin, Nicolas; Berntsen, Terje Koren; Bian, Huisheng; Chin, Mian; Diehl, Thomas; Easter, Richard; Ghan, Steve J.; Iversen, Trond; Kirkevåg, Alf; Lamarque, Jean-Francois; Lin, Guangxing; Liu, Xiaohong; Luo, Gan; Myhre, Gunnar; Van Noije, Twan P.C.; Penner, Joyce E.; Schulz, Michael; Seland, Øyvind; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Stier, Philip; Takemura, Toshihiko; Tsigaridis, Kostas; Yu, Fangqun; Zhang, Kai; Zhang, Hua (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)
    • African biomass burning affects aerosol cycling over the Amazon 

      Holanda, Bruna A.; Franco, Marco A.; Walter, David; Artaxo, Paulo; Carbone, Samara; Cheng, Yafang; Chowdhury, Sourangsu; Ditas, Florian; Gysel-Beer, Martin; Klimach, Thomas; Kremper, Leslie A.; Krüger, Ovid O.; Lavric, Jost V.; Lelieveld, Jos; Ma, Chaoqun; Machado, Luiz A. T.; Modini, Robin L.; Morais, Fernando G.; Pozzer, Andrea; Saturno, Jorge; Su, Hang; Wendisch, Manfred; Wolff, Stefan; Pöhlker, Mira L.; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Pöschl, Ulrich; Pöhlker, Christopher (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Smoke from vegetation fires affects air quality, atmospheric cycling, and the climate in the Amazon rain forest. A major unknown has remained the quantity of long-range transported smoke from Africa in relation to local ...