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Evaluation of uncertain projects under Joint Implementation
(CICERO Working Paper;1994:11, Working paper, 1994)Joint implementation of the Framework Convention for Climate Change means that countries may be credited emission reductions that they finance abroad in order to reduce costs. This paper discusses the aspect of uncertainty ... -
Explaining emission tax exemptions for heavy industries: A comparison of Norway, Denmark and the Netherlands
(CICERO Policy Note;2000:03, Working paper, 2000)The paper addresses the widespread pattern of exempting heavily polluting industries from greenhouse gas emission taxes. Two groups of explanations of exemptions are outlined. The first group focuses on the economic ... -
Explaining growing climate policy differences between the European Union and the United States
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013)Strong rhetorical differences between the European Union and the United States on climate matters have been evident for almost two decades. Since the mid-2000s, such differences are becoming visible in their respective ... -
Explaining radical policy change: Norwegian climate policy and the ban on cultivating peatlands
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)For decades Norwegian climate policy has largely ignored the agricultural sector and focused on cost-effective emission reductions abroad. Yet in June 2020, Norway decided to ban the cultivation of peatlands to protect ... -
Exploring distribution of commitments: A follow-up to the Berlin Mandate
(CICERO Report;1996:03, Research report, 1996)The study reviews and analyzes some major issues that must be considered when defining principles for distributing commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for countries belonging to the Organization for Economic ... -
Exploring the notion of political feasibility in environmental policy
(CICERO Working Paper;2007:03, Working paper, 2007)This essay explores the notion of political feasibility in environmental policy with an aim to develop an analytical approach that incorporates key aspects from both economics and political science. It assesses some of the ... -
Export Development Canada (EDC)
(Second opinions;2013:002, Report, 2013-01-15)Category: Second Opinion, Sector: Export Credit Agency, Issuer type: Financial Institution, Shading: Not shaded -
Export-Import Bank of Korea (KEXIM)
(Second opinions;2013:003, Report, 2013-01-18)Category: Second Opinion, Sector: Export Credit Agency, Issuer type: Financial Institution, Shading: Not shaded -
Exposure-response functions for health effects of air pollutants based on epidemiological findings
(CICERO Report;1995:08, Research report, 1995)Quantitative knowledge about health damage due to air pollution is an important element in analyses of cost-effective abatement strategies, and it is also essential for setting Air Quality Standards. In this context ... -
Extending the two-level metaphor to the European Union: The problem of conceptualization
(CICERO Working Paper;1994:02, Working paper, 1994)In this paper a major conceptual problem in integration theory, viz. the lack of a conceptualization of the role of the EU in contemporary research, is addressed. This is an acute problem as one increasingly employs a ... -
Extreme weather impacts on maize yield: The case of Shanxi Province in China
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)Extreme weather can have negative impacts on crop production. In this study, we statistically estimate the impacts of dry days, heat waves, and cold days on maize yield based on household survey data from 1993 to 2011 in ... -
Extreme weather, food security and the capacity to adapt – the case of crops in China
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)Three extreme weather scenarios are examined for agriculture in China in this study. One scenario assumes a year when every province has precipitation corresponding to the lowest level experienced in the province over the ... -
Fairness conceptions and self-determined mitigation ambition under the Paris Agreement: Is there a relationship?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)This paper investigates the empirical relationship between countries’ expressed concerns with fairness and the ambition levels in their pledged contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement, asking the following questions: ... -
Fairness in the climate negotiations: what explains variation in parties’ expressed conceptions?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)How to differentiate efforts and obligations fairly between countries has been among the most central and controversial issues in climate negotiations. This article analyses countries’ fairness conceptions as expressed in ... -
Fastighets AB Förvaltaren
(Second opinions;2014:003, Report, 2014-08-27)Category: Second Opinion, Sector: Real Estate, Issuer type: Corporate, Shading: Not shaded -
Fastpartner
(Second opinions;2018:028, Report, 2018-11-22)Category: Second Opinion, Sector: Real Estate, Issuer type: Corporate, Shading: Medium Green -
Feasibility study on: Reforestation of degraded grasslands in Indonesia as a climate change mitigation option
(CICERO Report;1996:05, Research report, 1996)Deforestation and changes in land use in the tropics contribute a significant share of the anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, of which the most important is carbon dioxide (CO2). Increasing the uptake and storage ... -
Financial Measures to Reduce Carbon Emissions in Britain, Japan and the United States: A SWOT Analysis
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)To mitigate global warming, China, the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitter, has set the goals of achieving carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, and financial measures could play an important role. To avoid ... -
Fingrid
(Second opinions;2017:013, Report, 2017-10-18)Category: Second Opinion, Sector: Energy, Issuer type: Corporate, Shading: Medium Green -
The first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale resolution, part I: evaluation of precipitation
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)Here we present the first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale horizontal grid spacing over a decade long period. A total of 23 simulations run with a horizontal grid spacing of ∼3 km, ...