CICERO Senter for klimaforskning: Nye registreringer

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    • Standard climate models radiation codes underestimate black carbon radiative forcing 

      Myhre, Gunnar; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015)
      Radiative forcing (RF) of black carbon (BC) in the atmosphere is estimated using radiative transfer codes of various complexities. Here we show that the two-stream radiative transfer codes used most in climate models give ...

    • The acceptability of efficiency-enhancing environmental taxes, subsidies and regulation: An experimental investigation 

      Cherry, Todd; Kallbekken, Steffen; Kroll, Stephan (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2012)
      Public opposition to efficiency-enhancing policies is a significant barrier to addressing many environmental challenges. We use a market experiment to explore the acceptability of three types of instruments: Pigouvian taxes ...

    • Extreme weather impacts on maize yield: The case of Shanxi Province in China 

      Wei, Taoyuan; Zhang, Tianyi; Bruin, Karianne de; Glomsrød, Solveig; Shi, Qinghua (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)
      Extreme weather can have negative impacts on crop production. In this study, we statistically estimate the impacts of dry days, heat waves, and cold days on maize yield based on household survey data from 1993 to 2011 in ...

    • The influence of atmospheric blocking on extreme winter minimum temperatures in North America 

      Whan, Kirien; Zwiers, Francis W.; Sillmann, Jana (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      Regional climate models (RCMs) are the primary source of high-resolution climate projections, and it is of crucial importance to evaluate their ability to simulate extreme events under current climate conditions. Many ...

    • Transitions in pathways of human development and carbon emissions 

      Lamb, William; Steinberger, Julia; Bows-Larkin, Alice; Peters, Glen Philip; Roberts, JT; Wood, FR (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      Countries are known to follow diverse pathways of life expectancy and carbon emissions, but little is known about factors driving these dynamics. In this letter we estimate the cross-sectional economic, demographic and ...

    • Local biomass burning is a dominant cause of the observed precipitation reduction in southern Africa 

      Hodnebrog, Øivind; Myhre, Gunnar; Forster, Piers M.; Sillmann, Jana; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016)
      Observations indicate a precipitation decline over large parts of southern Africa since the 1950s. Concurrently, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols have increased due to anthropogenic activities. ...

    • Forty-seven years of weekly atmospheric black carbon measurements in the Finnish Arctic: Decrease in black carbon with declining emissions 

      Dutkiewicz, V. A.; DeJulio, A. M.; Ahmed, T; Laing, J; Hopke, P. K.; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Viisanen, Y; Paatero, J.; Husain, Liaquat (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      Concentrations of atmospheric black carbon, [BC], were determined from filter samples collected weekly at Kevo, Finland (69°45′N, 27°02′E), from 1964 to 2010 using optical and thermal optical methods. The data provide the ...

    • A credible compliance enforcement system for the climate regime 

      Hovi, Jon; Greaker, Mads; Hagem, Cathrine; Holtsmark, Bjart (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The compliance enforcement system of the Kyoto Protocol provides only weak incentives for Parties to comply with their commitments. For example, the penalties for non-compliant countries are not legally binding, and moreover, ...

    • The Paris Agreement: Short-term and Long-term Effectiveness 

      Bang, Guri; Hovi, Jon; Skodvin, Tora (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016)
      The 2015 Paris Agreement was widely greeted with enthusiasm. We assess the short-term and long-term potential effectiveness of Paris. Concerning short-term effectiveness, we contend that while Paris scores high on ...

    • Elemental carbon measurements in European Arctic snow packs 

      Forsström, S.; Isaksson, Elisabeth; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Ström, Johan; Pedersen, CA; Hudson, S.R.; Berntsen, Terje Koren; Lihavainen, H.; Godtliebsen, Fred; Gerland, Sebastian (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      [1] Black carbon (BC) and other light-absorbing particles deposited on snow and ice are known to perturb the surface radiative balance. There are few published observations of the concentration of these particles in the ...

    • The effects of energy efficiency improvement in China with global interaction 

      Glomsrød, Solveig; Wei, Taoyuan (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016)
      China has pledged to reduce its carbon intensity defined as carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40–45% by 2020 and by 60–65% by 2030 compared to the 2005 level. To fulfill the pledges, China’s government has made ...

    • Global premature mortality due to anthropogenic outdoor air pollution and the contribution of past climate change 

      Silva, Raquel A.; West, J. Jason; Zhang, Yuqiang; Anenberg, Susan C.; Lamarque, Jean-François; Shindell, Drew T.; Collins, William J.; Dalsøren, Stig Bjørløw; Faluvegi, Greg; Folberth, Gerd; Horowitz, Larry W.; Nagashima, Tatasuya; Naik, Vaishali; Rumbold, Steven; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Sudo, Kengo; Takemura, Toshihiko; Bergmann, D.; Cameron-Smith, Philip; Cionni, Irene; Doherty, Ruth M.; Eyring, Veronika; Josse, Béatrice; MacKenzie, Ian A.; Plummer, David; Righi, Mattia; Stevenson, David S.; Strode, Sarah; Szopa, Sophie; Zeng, Guang (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013)

    • Climate response to externally mixed black carbon as a function of altitude 

      Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Myhre, Gunnar (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015)
      The climate response to the presence of black carbon (BC) aerosol at a given altitude in the atmosphere is investigated using a global circulation model. The vertical dependence of the efficiency with which BC exerts ...

    • Evaluation of ACCMIP outgoing longwave radiation from tropospheric ozone using TES satellite observations 

      Bowman, K.W.; Shindell, DT; Worden, HM; Lamarque, JF; Young, PJ; Stevenson, DS; Qu, Z; de la Torre, M; Bergmann, D.; Cameron-Smith, PJ; Collins, WJ; Doherty, R; Dalsøren, Stig Bjørløw; Faluvegi, G; Folberth, G; Horowitz, LW; Josse, BM; Lee, YH; MacKenzie, IA; Myhre, Gunnar; Nagashima, T; Naik, V; Plummer, DA; Rumbold, ST; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Strode, SA; Sudo, K; Szopa, S; Voulgarakis, A; Zeng, G; Kulawik, SS; Aghedo, AM; Worden, JR (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013)
      We use simultaneous observations of tropospheric ozone and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) sensitivity to tropospheric ozone from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) to evaluate model tropospheric ozone and its ...

    • Metrics for linking emissions of gases and aerosols to global precipitation changes 

      Shine, Keith P.; Allan, R.P.; Collins, William J.; Fuglestvedt, Jan S. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015)
      Recent advances in understanding have made it possible to relate global precipitation changes directly to emissions of particular gases and aerosols that influence climate. Using these advances, new indices are developed ...

    • Climate policy and dependence on traded carbon 

      Andrew, Robbie; Davis, Steven J.; Peters, Glen Philip (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013)
      A growing number of countries regulate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions occurring within their borders, but due to rapid growth in international trade, the products consumed in many of the same countries increasingly rely ...

    • Measuring a fair and ambitious climate agreement using cumulative emissions 

      Peters, Glen Philip; Andrew, Robbie; Solomon, Susan; Friedlingstein, Pierre (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015)
      Policy makers have called for a 'fair and ambitious' global climate agreement. Scientific constraints, such as the allowable carbon emissions to avoid exceeding a 2 °C global warming limit with 66% probability, can help ...

    • Evaluation of preindustrial to present-day black carbon and its albedo forcing from Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP) 

      Lee, Y.H.; Lamarque, J.-F.; Flanner, M.G.; Jiao, C.; Shindell, D.T.; Berntsen, Terje Koren; Bisiaux, M.M.; Cao, J.; Collins, W.J.; Curran, M.; Edwards, R.; Faluvegi, G.; Ghan, S.; Horowitz, L.W.; McConnell, J.R.; Ming, J.; Myhre, Gunnar; Nagashima, T.; Naik, V.; Rumbold, S.T.; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Sudo, K.; Takemura, T.; Thevenon, F.; Xu, B.; Yoon, J.-H. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013)
      As part of the Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP), we evaluate the historical black carbon (BC) aerosols simulated by 8 ACCMIP models against observations including 12 ice core records, ...

    • Global and regional radiative forcing from 20 % reductions in BC, OC and SO4 - An HTAP2 multi-model study 

      Stjern, Camilla Weum; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Myhre, Gunnar; Bian, Huisheng; Chin, Mian; Davila, Yanko; Dentener, Frank; Emmons, Louisa; Flemming, Johannes; Haslerud, Amund Søvde; Henze, Daven; Jonson, Jan Eiof; Kucsera, Tom; Lund, Marianne Tronstad; Schulz, Michael; Sudo, Kengo; Takemura, Toshihiko; Tilmes, Simone (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016)
      In the Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution Phase 2 (HTAP2) exercise, a range of global atmospheric general circulation and chemical transport models performed coordinated perturbation experiments with 20 % reductions ...

    • Counteracting the climate effects of volcanic eruptions using short-lived greenhouse gases 

      Fuglestvedt, Jan S.; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Shine, Keith P. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      A large volcanic eruption might constitute a climate emergency, significantly altering global temperature and precipitation for several years. Major future eruptions will occur, but their size or timing cannot be predicted. ...