Now showing items 302-321 of 465

    • National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide since 1850 

      Jones, Matthew W.; Peters, Glen Philip; Gasser, Thomas; Andrew, Robbie; Schwingshackl, Clemens; Gütschow, Johannes; Houghton, Richard A.; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Pongratz, Julia; Le Quéré, Corinne (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) have made significant contributions to global warming since the pre-industrial period and are therefore targeted in international climate ...
    • National specialization policy versus farmers’ priorities: Balancing subsistence farming and cash cropping in Nepal 

      Holmelin, Nina (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The Nepali Government is currently implementing policies for a radical agricultural transformation into large-scale, mechanized, specialized and commercial farming. However, the peasants prioritize diversified subsistence ...
    • Natural short-lived halogens exert an indirect cooling effect on climate 

      Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso; Fernandez, Rafael P.; Li, Qinyi; Cuevas, Carlos A.; Fu, Xiao; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Tilmes, Simone; Mahajan, Anoop S.; Gómez Martín, Juan Carlos; Iglesias-Suarez, Fernando; Hossaini, Ryan; Plane, John M. C.; Myhre, Gunnar; Lamarque, Jean-François (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Observational evidence shows the ubiquitous presence of ocean-emitted short-lived halogens in the global atmosphere1,2,3. Natural emissions of these chemical compounds have been anthropogenically amplified since pre-industrial ...
    • Neglected implications of land-use and land-cover changes on the climate-health nexus 

      Orlov, Anton; Aunan, Kristin; Mistry, Malcolm N; Lejeune, Quentin; Pongratz, Julia; Thiery, Wim; Gasparrini, Antonio; Reed, Eilif Ursin; Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Climate change can substantially affect temperature-related mortality and morbidity, especially under high greenhouse gas emission pathways. Achieving the Paris Agreement goals require not only drastic reductions in fossil ...
    • Net Zero: Science, Origins, and Implications 

      Allen, Myles R.; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Girardin, Cécile A.J.; Jenkins, Stuart; Malhi, Yadvinder; Mitchell-Larson, Eli; Peters, Glen Philip; Rajamani, Lavanya (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      This review explains the science behind the drive for global net zero emissions and why this is needed to halt the ongoing rise in global temperatures. We document how the concept of net zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions ...
    • A new halocarbon absorption model based on HITRAN cross-section data and new estimates of halocarbon instantaneous clear-sky radiative forcing 

      Buehler, Stefan A.; Brath, Manfred; Lemke, Oliver; Hodnebrog, Øivind; Pincus, Robert; Eriksson, Patrick; Gordon, Iouli; Larsson, Richard (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      The article describes a new practical model for the infrared absorption of chlorofluorocarbons and other gases with dense spectra, based on high-resolution transmission molecular absorption database (HITRAN) absorption ...
    • Norwegian mayoral awareness of and attitudes towards climate change 

      Orderud, Geir; Kelman, Ilan (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2011)
      The willingness of local politicians to implement measures for curbing greenhouse gas emissions and to adapt to emerging conditions is essential for successful climate change policies. This article reports findings from a ...
    • Numerical simulation and evaluation of global ultrafine particle concentrations at the Earth's surface 

      Kohl, Matthias; Lelieveld, Jos; Chowdhury, Sourangsu; Ehrhart, Sebastian; Sharma, Disha; Cheng, Yafang; Tripathi, Sachchida Nand; Sebastian, Mathew; Pandithurai, Govindan; Wang, Hongli; Pozzer, Andrea (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      A new global dataset of annually averaged ultrafine particle (UFP) concentrations at the Earth's surface for the years 2015–2017 has been developed through numerical simulations using the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry ...
    • Observational Evidence of Increasing Global Radiative Forcing 

      Kramer, Ryan J.; He, Haozhe; Soden, Brian J.; Oreopoulos, Lazaros; Myhre, Gunnar; Forster, Piers M.; Smith, Christopher J. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Changes in atmospheric composition, such as increasing greenhouse gases, cause an initial radiative imbalance to the climate system, quantified as the instantaneous radiative forcing. This fundamental metric has not been ...
    • Observations suggest that North African dust absorbs less solar radiation than models estimate 

      Adebiyi, Adeyemi A.; Huang, Yue; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Kok, Jasper F. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Desert dust accounts for a large fraction of shortwave radiation absorbed by aerosols, which adds to the climate warming produced by greenhouse gases. However, it remains uncertain exactly how much shortwave radiation dust ...
    • Observed and simulated temperature extremes during the recent warming hiatus 

      Sillmann, Jana; Donat, M. G.; Fyfe, J. C.; Zwiers, F. W. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014)
      The discrepancy between recent observed and simulated trends in global mean surface temperature has provoked a debate about possible causes and implications for future climate change projections. However, little has been ...
    • One world or two? Science–policy interactions in the climate field 

      Sundqvist, G.; Gasper, Des; St. Clair, Asuncion; Hermansen, Erlend Andre T.; Yearley, Steven; Tvedten, Irene Øvstebø; Wynne, Brian (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)
      This article assesses how science–policy interactions are conceptualized in the social sciences with special reference to climate change and the IPCC. In terms of the dimension of distance (or proximity) between science ...
    • Optimal asset allocation for commodity sovereign wealth funds 

      Irarrazabal Flores, Alfonso; Ma, Lin; Parra-Alvarez, Juan Carlos (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      This paper studies the dynamic asset allocation problem faced by an infinitively lived commodity-based sovereign wealth fund under incomplete markets. Assuming that the fund receives a non-tradable stream of commodity ...
    • Overcoming global inequality is critical for land-based mitigation in line with the Paris Agreement 

      Humpenöder, Florian; Popp, Alexander; Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich; Orlov, Anton; Windisch, Michael Gregory; Menke, Inga; Pongratz, Julia; Havermann, Felix; Thiery, Wim; Luo, Fei; v. Jeetze, Patrick; Dietrich, Jan Philipp; Lotze-Campen, Hermann; Weindl, Isabelle; Lejeune, Quentin (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Transformation pathways for the land sector in line with the Paris Agreement depend on the assumption of globally implemented greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pricing, and in some cases also on inclusive socio-economic ...
    • The Paris Agreement has the potential to facilitate ambitious climate action: a reply to ‘Why do climate change negotiations stall? Scientific evidence and solutions for some structural problems’ by Ulrich J. Frey and Jazmin Burgess 

      Kallbekken, Steffen (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Frey and Burgess (2022) argue that climate change negotiations have stalled because of the global public goods nature of the problem, the consensus decision-making process and the lack of institutions to enforce sanctions. ...
    • Pastoral herding strategies and governmental management objectives: predation compensation as a risk buffering strategy in the Saami reindeer husbandry 

      Næss, Marius Warg; Bårdsen, Bård-Jørgen; Pedersen, Elisabeth; Tveraa, Torkild (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      Previously it has been found that an important risk buffering strategy in the Saami reindeer husbandry in Norway is the accumulation of large herds of reindeer as this increases long-term household viability. Nevertheless, ...
    • Percentile indices for assessing changes in heavy precipitation events 

      Schaer, Christoph; Ban, Nikolina; Fischer, Erich M.; Rajczak, Jan; Schmidli, Juerg; Frei, Christoph; Giorgi, Filippo; Karl, Thomas R.; Kendon, Elisabeth J.; Klein Tank, Albert M. G.; O'Gorman, Paul A.; Sillmann, Jana; Zhang, Xuebin; Zwiers, Francis W. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      Many climate studies assess trends and projections in heavy precipitation events using precipitation percentile (or quantile) indices. Here we investigate three different percentile indices that are commonly used. We ...
    • Personal exposure to PM2.5 in Chinese rural households in the Yangtze River Delta 

      Hansen, Mette Halskov; Aunan, Kristin; Hu, Ruolan; Wang, Shuxiao; Liu, Zhaohui; Zhao, M.J.; Chen, L. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      High levels of PM2.5 exposure and associated health risks are of great concern in rural China. For this study, we used portable PM2.5 monitors for monitoring concentrations online, recorded personal time‐activity patterns, ...
    • Personal exposure to PM2.5 in Chinese rural households in the Yangtze River Delta 

      Hansen, Mette Halskov; Aunan, Kristin; Hu, Ruolan; Wang, Shuxiao; Liu, Zhaohui; Zhao, M.J.; Chen, L. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      High levels of PM2.5 exposure and associated health risks are of great concern in rural China. For this study, we used portable PM2.5 monitors for monitoring concentrations online, recorded personal time‐activity patterns, ...
    • Perspective of comprehensive and comprehensible multi-model energy and climate science in Europe 

      Nikas, A.; Gambhir, A.; Trutnevyte, E.; Koasidis, K.; Lund, H.; Thellufsen, J.Z.; Mayer, D.; Zachmann, G.; Miguel, L.J.; Ferreras-Alonso, N.; Sognnæs, Ida Andrea Braathen; Peters, Glen Philip; Colombo, Emanuela; Howells, M.; Hawkes, A.; van den Broek, M; Van de Ven, D.J; Gonzalez-Eguino, M.; Flamos, A.; Doukas, H. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Europe’s capacity to explore the envisaged pathways that achieve its near- and long-term energy and climate objectives needs to be significantly enhanced. In this perspective, we discuss how this capacity is supported by ...