Now showing items 282-301 of 465

    • Metodikk for framstilling av klimaeffekt på kort og lang sikt 

      Aamaas, Borgar; Berntsen, Terje Koren (CICERO Report, Research report, 2021)
      CICERO Senter for klimaforskning har på oppdrag fra Miljødirektoratet utviklet og illustrert metodikk for framstilling av klimaeffekt på kort og lang sikt. Vi har vurdert klimaeffekt på to forskjellige måter, med vektfaktorer ...
    • Metrics for linking emissions of gases and aerosols to global precipitation changes 

      Shine, Keith P.; Allan, R.P.; Collins, William J.; Fuglestvedt, Jan S. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015)
      Recent advances in understanding have made it possible to relate global precipitation changes directly to emissions of particular gases and aerosols that influence climate. Using these advances, new indices are developed ...
    • Mobility in Blue-Green Spaces Does Not Predict COVID-19 Transmission: A Global Analysis 

      Venter, Zander; Sadilek, Adam; Stanton, Charlotte; Barton, David Nicholas; Aunan, Kristin; Chowdhury, Sourangsu; Schneider, Aaron; Iacus, Stefano Maria (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Mobility restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic ostensibly prevented the public from transmitting the disease in public places, but they also hampered outdoor recreation, despite the importance of blue-green spaces ...
    • Model evaluation of short-lived climate forcers for the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme: a multi-species, multi-model study 

      Whaley, Cynthia; Mahmood, Rashed; von Salzen, Knut; Winter, Barbara; Eckhardt, Sabine; Arnold, Stephen R.; Beagley, Stephen; Becagli, Silvia; Chien, Rong-You; Christensen, Jesper; Damani, Sujay Manish; Dong, Xinyi; Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos; Evangeliou, Nikolaos; Faluvegi, Gregory; Flanner, Mark G.; Fu, Joshua S.; Gauss, Michael; Giardi, Fabio; Gong, Wanmin; Hjorth, Jens Liengaard; Huang, Lin; Im, Ulas; Kanaya, Yugo; Srinath, Krishnan; Klimont, Zbigniew; Kuhn, Thomas; Langner, Joakim; Law, Kathy S.; Marelle, Louis; Massling, Andreas; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Onishi, Tatsuo; Oshima, Naga; Peng, Yiran; Plummer, David A.; Pozzoli, Luca; Popovicheva, Olga; Raut, Jean-Christophe; Sand, Maria; Saunders, Laura; Schmale, Julia; Sharma, Sangeeta; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Skov, Henrik; Taketani, Fumikazu; Thomas, Manu Anna; Traversi, Rita; Tsigaridis, Kostas; Tsyro, Svetlana; Turnock, Steven T; Vitale, Vito; Walker, Kaley A.; Wang, Minqi; Watson-Parris, Duncan; Weiss-Gibbons, Tahya (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      While carbon dioxide is the main cause for global warming, modeling short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) such as methane, ozone, and particles in the Arctic allows us to simulate near-term climate and health impacts for a ...
    • Model Validity and Transferability Informing Behavioral Energy Policies 

      Kontogianni, Areti; Damigos, Dimitris; Skourtos, Michail; Tourkolias, Christos; Denny, Eleanor; Galarraga, Ibon; Kallbekken, Steffen; Lakic, Edin (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      A number of microeconomic choice models are currently applied to demonstrate systematic biases in energy consumer behavior. The models highlight the hidden potential of energy savings from policies that target the so-called ...
    • Modeling Global Carbon Costs of Plant Nitrogen and Phosphorus Acquisition 

      Braghiere, R.K.; Fisher, J.B.; Allen, K.; Brzostek, E.; Shi, M.; Yang, X.; Ricciuto, D.M.; Fisher, Rosie; Zhu, Q.; Phillips, R.P. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Most Earth system models (ESMs) do not explicitly represent the carbon (C) costs of plant nutrient acquisition, which leads to uncertainty in predictions of the current and future constraints to the land C sink. We integrate ...
    • Modeling the Joint Effects of Vegetation Characteristics and Soil Properties on Ecosystem Dynamics in a Panama Tropical Forest 

      Cheng, Yanyan; Leung, L. Ruby; Huang, Maoyi; Koven, Charles; Detto, Matteo; Knox, Ryan; Bisht, Gautam; Bretfeld, Mario; Fisher, Rosie (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      In tropical forests, both vegetation characteristics and soil properties are important not only for controlling energy, water, and gas exchanges directly but also determining the competition among species, successional ...
    • Modifying emissions scenario projections to account for the effects of COVID-19: Protocol for CovidMIP 

      Lamboll, Robin; Jones, Chris D.; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Fiedler, Stephanie; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Gillett, Nathan P.; Rogelj, Joeri; Forster, Piers M. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Lockdowns to avoid the spread of COVID-19 have created an unprecedented reduction in human emissions. While the country-level scale of emissions changes can be estimated in near real time, the more detailed, gridded emissions ...
    • Mortality Attributable to Ambient Air Pollution: A Review of Global Estimates 

      Pozzer, A.; Anenberg, S.C.; Dey, S.; Haines, A.; Lelieveld, J.; Chowdhury, Sourangsu (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Since the publication of the first epidemiological study to establish the connection between long-term exposure to atmospheric pollution and effects on human health, major efforts have been dedicated to estimate the ...
    • Moving small crafts and services enterprises towards green mobility practices: The role of change agents 

      Julsrud, Tom Erik; Denstadli, Jon Martin (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      The uptake of electric vans in professional enterprises has been slow, and the interest in electric mobility is low compared to that of private consumers. To understand critical barriers, resistance, motivations and drivers ...
    • Moving Towards Electrification of Workers’ Transportation: Identifying Key Motives for the Adoption of Electric Vans 

      Denstadli, Jon Martin; Julsrud, Tom Erik (Journal article, 2019)
      The large-scale diffusion of low-emission vehicles is required to increase the sustainability of the transport system. Statistics show strong and continued growth in the sales of electric and other low-emission vehicles ...
    • Much of zero emissions commitment occurs before reaching net zero emissions 

      Koven, Charles D; Sanderson, Benjamin M; Swann, Abigail L S (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      We explore the response of the Earth’s coupled climate and carbon system to an idealized sequential addition and removal of CO2 to the atmosphere, following a symmetric and continuous emissions pathway, in contrast to the ...
    • Multi-century dynamics of the climate and carbon cycle under both high and net negative emissions scenarios 

      Koven, Charles D.; Arora, Vivek K.; Cadule, Patricia; Fisher, Rosie; Jones, Chris D.; Lawrence, David M.; Lewis, Jared; Lindsay, Keith; Mathesius, Sabine; Meinshausen, Malte; Mills, Michael; Nicholls, Zebedee; Sanderson, Benjamin; Séférian, Roland; Swart, Neil C.; Wieder, William R.; Zickfeld, Kirsten (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Future climate projections from Earth system models (ESMs) typically focus on the timescale of this century. We use a set of five ESMs and one Earth system model of intermediate complexity (EMIC) to explore the dynamics ...
    • The Multi-Decadal Response to Net Zero CO<inf>2</inf> Emissions and Implications for Emissions Policy 

      Jenkins, Stuart; Sanderson, Benjamin; Peters, Glen Philip; Frölicher, Thomas L.; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Allen, Myles (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      How confident are we that CO2 emissions must reach net zero or below to halt CO2-induced warming? The IPCC's sixth assessment report concluded that “limiting human-induced global warming to a specific level requires … ...
    • A multi-model analysis of long-term emissions and warming implications of current mitigation efforts 

      Sognnæs, Ida Andrea Braathen; Gambhir, Ajay; van de Ven, Dirk-Jan; Nikas, Alexandros; Anger-Kraavi, Annela; Bui, Ha; Campagnolo, Lorenza; Delpiazzo, Elisa; Doukas, Haris; Giarola, Sara; Grant, Neil; Hawkes, Adam; Köberle, Alexandre C.; Kolpakov, Andrey; Mittal, Shivika; Moreno, Jorge; Perdana, Sigit; Rogelj, Joeri; Vielle, Marc; Peters, Glen Philip (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Most of the integrated assessment modelling literature focuses on cost-effective pathways towards given temperature goals. Conversely, using seven diverse integrated assessment models, we project global energy CO2 emissions ...
    • A multi-model assessment of the Global Warming Potential of hydrogen 

      Sand, Maria; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Sandstad, Marit; Krishnan, Srinath; Myhre, Gunnar; Bryant, Hannah; Derwent, Richard; Hauglustaine, Didier; Paulot, Fabien; Prather, Michael; Stevenson, David (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      With increasing global interest in molecular hydrogen to replace fossil fuels, more attention is being paid to potential leakages of hydrogen into the atmosphere and its environmental consequences. Hydrogen is not directly ...
    • Multi-model simulations of aerosol and ozone radiative forcing due to anthropogenic emission changes during the period 1990-2015 

      Myhre, Gunnar; Aas, Wenche; Cherian, Ribu; Collins, W; Faluvegi, Greg; Flanner, M.; Forster, Piers M.; Hodnebrog, Øivind; Klimont, Zbigniew; Lund, Marianne Tronstad; Mulmenstädt, Johannes; Myhre, Cathrine Lund; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Prather, Michael J.; Quaas, Johannes; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Schnell, Jordan; Schulz, Michael; Shindell, Drew; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Takemura, Toshihiko; Tsyro, Svetlana G. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)
      Over the past few decades, the geographical distribution of emissions of substances that alter the atmospheric energy balance has changed due to economic growth and air pollution regulations. Here, we show the resulting ...
    • A multimodel analysis of post-Glasgow climate targets and feasibility challenges 

      van de Ven, Dirk-Jan; Mittal, Shivika; Gambhir, Ajay; Lamboll, Robin D.; Doukas, Haris; Giarola, Sara; Hawkes, Adam; Koasidis, Konstantinos; Köberle, Alexandre C.; McJeon, Haewon; Perdana, Sigit; Peters, Glen Philip; Rogelj, Joeri; Sognnæs, Ida Andrea Braathen; Vielle, Marc; Nikas, Alexandros (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      The COP26 Glasgow process resulted in many countries strengthening their 2030 emissions reduction targets and announcing net-zero pledges for 2050–2070 but it is not clear how this would impact future warming. Here, we use ...
    • Nasjonale drivkrefter i USAs klimapolitikk 

      Skodvin, Tora; Bang, Guri (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      Da Obama overtok som president i 2009, var ett av hovedmålene å styrke amerikansk klimapolitikk. Fem år senere er målet fortsatt ikke blitt realisert. For å forklare denne manglende måloppnåelsen undersøker vi tre forhold: ...
    • Nasjonale drivkrefter i USAs klimapolitikk 

      Skodvin, Tora; Bang, Guri (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      Da Obama overtok som president i 2009, var ett av hovedmålene å styrke amerikansk klimapolitikk. Fem år senere er målet fortsatt ikke blitt realisert. For å forklare denne manglende måloppnåelsen undersøker vi tre forhold: ...