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dc.contributor.authorGan, Linnb_NO
dc.contributor.authorEskeland, Gunnar S.nb_NO
dc.contributor.authorKolshus, Hans H.nb_NO
dc.contributor.authorBirkeland, Haraldnb_NO
dc.contributor.authorvan Rooijen, Saschanb_NO
dc.contributor.authorvan Wees, Marknb_NO
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-17T14:29:52Z
dc.date.available2014-03-17T14:29:52Z
dc.date.issued2005nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn0804-4562nb_NO
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/192004
dc.description.abstractVarious approaches to promoting green electricity were analyzed through the cases of Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United States. How has green electricity market penetration evolved, and what were the main driving forces? The findings from the case studies are synthesized and analyzed with respect to their relevance for Norway, particularly in terms of energy resources, production, potential, relevant policies and barriers. Potential policy instruments for Norway include feed-in tariffs, green certificates under quota obligations, and subsidies for research and development, and are discussed in terms of their strengths and weaknesses. The report argues that to assist technologies feasible today – such as wind power – a choice must be made between green certificates based on obligatory quotas and a feed-in tariff system. Both effectively tax non-green electricity to subsidize green electricity. As shown by the German case study, feed-in tariffs have advantages in terms of effectiveness, providing a suitable investment climate, flexibility and ease of administration. Sweden has a system of green electricity certificates, and if EU also goes in this direction, this will provide an opposing argument, in favor of green certificates. The report concludes that a clear and consistent policy design is crucial, regardless of the particular instruments chosen. It also argues that there is a role for R&D support to help the technologies of the future.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherCICERO Center for International Climate and Environmental Research - Oslonb_NO
dc.relation.ispartofCICERO Reportnb_NO
dc.relation.ispartofseriesCICERO Report;2005:03nb_NO
dc.titleGreen Electricity Market Development: Lessons from Europe and the U.S. and Implications for Norwaynb_NO
dc.typeResearch reportnb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber61nb_NO


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