Browsing CICERO Research Archive by Title

Now showing items 71-90 of 1077

    • The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 

      Rantanen, Mika; Karpechko, Alexey Yu.; Lipponen, Antti; Nordling, Kalle; Hyvärinen, Otto; Ruosteenoja, Kimmo; Vihma, Timo Pekka; Laaksonen, Ari (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      In recent decades, the warming in the Arctic has been much faster than in the rest of the world, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification. Numerous studies report that the Arctic is warming either twice, more than twice, ...

    • Arctic tropospheric ozone: assessment of current knowledge and model performance 

      Whaley, Cynthia; Law, Kathy S.; Hjorth, Jens Liengaard; Skov, Henrik; Arnold, Stephen R.; Langner, Joakim; Pernov, Jakob Boyd; Bergeron, Garance; Bourgeois, Ilann; Christensen, Jesper H.; Chien, Rong-You; Deushi, Makoto; Dong, Xinyi; Effertz, Peter; Faluvegi, Gregory; Flanner, Mark G.; Fu, Joshua S.; Gauss, Michael; Huey, Greg L.; Im, Ulas; Kivi, Rigel; Marelle, Louis; Onishi, Tatsuo; Oshima, Naga; Petropavlovskikh, Irina; Peischl, Jeff; Plummer, David A.; Pozzoli, Luca; Raut, Jean-Christophe; Ryerson, Tom; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Solberg, Sverre; Thomas, Manu Anna; Thompson, Chelsea R.; Tsigaridis, Kostas; Tsyro, Svetlana; Turnock, Steven T.; von Salzen, Knut; Tarasick, David (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      As the third most important greenhouse gas (GHG) after carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), tropospheric ozone (O3) is also an air pollutant causing damage to human health and ecosystems. This study brings together ...

    • Are Northern Hemisphere boreal forest fires more sensitive to future aerosol mitigation than to greenhouse gas–driven warming? 

      Allen, Robert J.; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Wilcox, Laura J.; Fisher, Rosie (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2024)
      Considerable interest exists in understanding how climate change affects wildfire activity. Here, we use the Community Earth System Model version 2 to show that future anthropogenic aerosol mitigation yields larger increases ...

    • Asian Anthropogenic Aerosol Forcing Played a Key Role in the Multidecadal Increase in Australian Summer Monsoon Rainfall 

      Fahrenbach, Nora L.S.; Bollasina, Massimo A.; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Cowan, Tim; Ekman, Annica M.L. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2024)
      Observations show a significant increase in Australian summer monsoon (AUSM) rainfall since the mid-twentieth century. Yet the drivers of this trend, including the role of anthropogenic aerosols, remain uncertain. We ...

    • Asian Development Bank (ADB) 

      CICERO Center for International Climate Research (Second opinions;2014:006, Report, 2014-11-05)
      Category: Second Opinion, Sector: Development, Issuer type: Financial Institution, Shading: Not shaded

    • Asking the right questions in adaptation research and practice: Seeing beyond climate impacts in rural Nepal 

      Ensor, Jonathan Edward; Wennstroem, Patrick; Bhatterai, Anil; Nightingale, Andrea Joslyn; Eriksen, Siri; Sillmann, Jana (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Adaptation research and practice too often overlooks the wider social context within which climate change is experienced. Mainstream approaches frame adaptation problems in terms of the consequences that flow from biophysical ...

    • Aspects of burden-sharing of common action to mitigate climate change 

      Aaheim, H. Asbjørn (1995:02, Working paper, 1995)
      The paper discusses burden-sharing of a common 'ceiling' for total emissions of CO2 for a group of countries. The distribution of quotas is assumed to be based on the anticipated emissions in each country after a uniform ...

    • Assessing compliance with the Kyoto Protocol: Expert reviews, inverse modelling, or both? 

      Rypdal, Kristin; Stordal, Frode; Fuglestvedt, Jan S.; Berntsen, Terje Koren (2003:07, Working paper, 2003)
      The Kyoto Protocol has an ambitious reporting and review system to assess nations’ compliance with their emission commitments. This system requires considerable resources to assure that the Parties report accurate emission ...

    • Assessing heat effects on respiratory mortality and location characteristics as modifiers of heat effects at a small area scale in Central-Northern Europe 

      Zafeiratou, Sofia; Samoli, Evangelia; Analitis, Antonis; Gasparrini, Antonio; Stafoggia, Massimo; De'Donato, Francesca K.; Rao-Skirbekk, Shilpa; Zhang, Siqi; Breitner, Susanne; Masselot, Pierre; Aunan, Kristin; Schneider, Alexandra; Katsouyanni, Klea (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Heat effects on respiratory mortality are known, mostly from time-series studies of city-wide data. A limited number of studies have been conducted at the national level or covering non-urban areas. Effect modification by ...

    • Assessing metrics of climate change: Current methods and future possibilities 

      Fuglestvedt, Jan S.; Berntsen, Terje Koren; Godal, Odd; Sausen, Robert; Shine, Keith P.; Skodvin, Tora (2001:04, Research report, 2001)
      With the principle of comprehensiveness embedded in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (Art. 3), a multi-gas abatement strategy with emphasis also on non-CO2 greenhouse gases as targets for reduction and control ...

    • Assessing the robustness and implications of econometric estimates of climate sensitivity 

      Storelvmo, Trude; Yuan, Menghan; Leirvik, Thomas; Alterskjær, Kari; Phillips, Peter C. B.; Smith, Chris (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2025)
      Earth's transient climate response (TCR) quantifies the global mean surface air temperature change due to a doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentration after 70 years of a compounding 1% per year increase. TCR is highly ...

    • Assessment of carbon effects from two projects from the Rainforest Foundation Norway’s programme portfolio 

      Aamaas, Borgar; Lund, Marianne Tronstad; Sælen, Håkon; Aaheim, H. Asbjørn (2019:04, Research report, 2019-06)
      The Rainforest Foundation Norway (RFN) has commissioned CICERO to do a project on the carbon effects of two REDD+ projects as a literature study. The two sites are found in Indonesia and Colombia. We have assessed carbon ...

    • Assessment of short-term heat effects on cardiovascular mortality and vulnerability factors using small area data in Europe 

      Zhang, Siqi; Breitner, Susanne; Rai, Masna; Nikolaou, Nikolaos; Stafoggia, Massimo; de' Donato, Francesca; Samoli, Evangelia; Zafeiratou, Sofia; Katsouyanni, Klea; Rao-Skirbekk, Shilpa; Diz-Lois Palomares, Alfonso; Gasparrini, Antonio; Masselot, Pierre; Aunan, Kristin; Peters, Annette; Schneider, Alexandra (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Short-term associations between heat and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality have been examined mostly in large cities. However, different vulnerability and exposure levels may contribute to spatial heterogeneity. This ...

    • Assessment of the European Climate Projections as Simulated by the Large EURO-CORDEX Regional and Global Climate Model Ensemble 

      Coppola, Erika; Nogherotto, Rita; Ciarlo', James M.; Giorgi, Filippo; Van Meijgaard, Erik; Kadygrov, N.; Iles, Carley; Corre, Lola; Sandstad, Marit; Somot, Samuel; Nabat, Pierre; Vautard, Robert; Levavasseur, Guillaume; Schwingshackl, Clemens; Sillmann, Jana; Kjellström, Erik; Nikulin, Grigory; Aalbers, Emma; Lenderink, Geert; Christensen, Ole Bøssing; Boberg, Fredrik; Sørland, Silje Lund; Demory, Marie-Estelle; Bülow, Katharina; Teichmann, Claas; Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten; Wulfmeyer, Volker (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      This paper analyzes the ensemble of regional climate model (RCM) projections for Europe completed within the EURO-CORDEX project. Projections are available for the two greenhouse gas concentration scenarios RCP2.6 (22 ...

    • Assessment of the optimal rebound effects from energy intensity reduction 

      Xing, Lirong; Wei, Taoyuan; Zhuo, Yanchen; Li, Guozhi (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Energy efficiency improvement is widely recognized as a cost-effective measure for clean production. In literature, the rebound effects of energy efficiency improvement represented by energy intensity reductions, potential ...

    • Assessment of the optimal rebound effects from energy intensity reduction 

      Xing, Lirong; Wei, Taoyuan; Zhuo, Yanchen; Li, Guozhi (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Energy efficiency improvement is widely recognized as a cost-effective measure for clean production. In literature, the rebound effects of energy efficiency improvement represented by energy intensity reductions, potential ...

    • Atmospheric concentrations of black carbon are substantially higher in spring than summer in the Arctic 

      Jurányi, Zsófia; Zanatta, Marco; Lund, Marianne Tronstad; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Sharma, Sangeeta; Wendisch, Manfred; Herber, Andreas (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      A key driving factor behind rapid Arctic climate change is black carbon, the atmospheric aerosol that most efficiently absorbs sunlight. Our knowledge about black carbon in the Arctic is scarce, mainly limited to long-term ...

    • Atmospheric health burden across the century and the accelerating impact of temperature compared to pollution 

      Pozzer, Andrea; Steffens, Brendan; Proestos, Yiannis; Sciare, Jean; Akritidis, Dimitris; Chowdhury, Sourangsu; Burkart, Katrin; Bacer, Sara (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2024)
      Anthropogenic emissions alter atmospheric composition and therefore the climate, with implications for air pollution- and climate-related human health. Mortality attributable to air pollution and non-optimal temperature ...

    • Atmospheric Impacts of Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier 

      Sand, Maria; Myhre, Gunnar; Sandstad, Marit; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt (2020:07, Research report, 2020-10)

    • Atmospheric methane evolution the last 40 years 

      Dalsøren, Stig Bjørløw; Myhre, Cathrine Lund; Myhre, Gunnar; Gomez-Pelaez, Angel J.; Haslerud, Amund Søvde; Isaksen, Ivar S. A.; Weiss, Ray F.; Harth, Christina M. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2016)
      Observations at surface sites show an increase in global mean surface methane (CH4) of about 180 parts per billion (ppb) (above 10 %) over the period 1984–2012. Over this period there are large fluctuations in the annual ...