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Viser treff 279-298 av 977

    • Electing Cropland Management as an Article 3.4 Activity under the Kyoto Protocol: Considerations for Norway 

      Rypdal, Kristin; Rasse, Daniel; Grønland, Arne; Tomter, S. (CICERO Policy Note;2006:01, Working paper, 2006)
      By the end of 2006, Norway will need to decide whether to seek credits for 3.4 activities under the Kyoto Protocol, of which Cropland Management is one option. Electing cropland management as an Article 3.4 activity requires ...

    • Electricity consumption: should there be a limit? Implications of people’s attitudes for the forming of sustainable energy policies 

      Westskog, Hege; Winther, Tanja (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      The aim of this paper is to examine people’s attitudes towards electricity and electricity consumption within the Norwegian market context. The empirical material is based on 18 in-depth interviews and eight focus group ...

    • Elemental carbon measurements in European Arctic snow packs 

      Forsström, S.; Isaksson, Elisabeth; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Ström, Johan; Pedersen, CA; Hudson, S.R.; Berntsen, Terje Koren; Lihavainen, H.; Godtliebsen, Fred; Gerland, Sebastian (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      [1] Black carbon (BC) and other light-absorbing particles deposited on snow and ice are known to perturb the surface radiative balance. There are few published observations of the concentration of these particles in the ...

    • Elements for an Agreement on Climate and Energy Technology Development (ACT!) 

      Alfsen, Knut H.; Eskeland, Gunnar S.; Dovland, Harald (CICERO Policy Note;2008:01, Working paper, 2008)

    • Elevation dependent precipitation and temperature changes over Indian Himalayan region 

      Dimri, A.P.; Palazzi, E.; Daloz, Anne Sophie (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      Various studies reported an elevation dependent precipitation and temperature changes in mountainous regions of the world including the Himalayas. Various mechanisms are proposed to link the possible dependence of the ...

    • Emerging reporting and verification needs under the Paris Agreement: How can the research community effectively contribute? 

      Perugini, Lucia; Pellis, Guido; Grassi, Giacomo; Ciais, Philippe; Dolman, Han; House, Jo; Peters, Glen Philip; Smith, Pete; Günther, Dirk; Peylin, Philippe (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission inventories represent the link between national and international political actions on climate change, and climate and environmental sciences. Inventory agencies need to include, in national ...

    • Emission metrics for quantifying regional climate impacts of aviation 

      Lund, Marianne Tronstad; Aamaas, Borgar; Berntsen, Terje Koren; Bock, Lisa; Burkhardt, Ulrike; Fuglestvedt, Jan S.; Shine, Keith P (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2017)

    • The Emissions Model Intercomparison Project (Emissions-MIP): Quantifying model sensitivity to emission characteristics 

      Ahsan, Hamza; Wang, Hailong; Wu, Jingbo; Wu, Mingxuan; Smith, Steven J.; Bauer, Susanne; Suchyta, Harrison; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Myhre, Gunnar; Matsui, Hitoshi; Bian, Huisheng; Lamarque, Jean-François; Carslaw, Ken; Horowitz, Larry; Regayre, Leighton; Chin, Mian; Schulz, Michael; Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt; Takemura, Toshihiko; Naik, Vaishali (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      Anthropogenic emissions of aerosols and precursor compounds are known to significantly affect the energy balance of the Earth–atmosphere system, alter the formation of clouds and precipitation, and have a substantial impact ...

    • Empirical estimates of regional carbon budgets imply reduced global soil heterotrophic respiration 

      Ciais, Philippe; Yao, Yitong; Gasser, Thomas; Baccini, Alessandro; Wang, Yilong; Lauerwald, Ronny; Peng, Shushi; Bastos, Ana; Li, Wei; Raymond, Peter A; Canadell, Josep G.; Peters, Glen Philip; Andres, Robert J.; Chang, Jinfeng; Yue, Chao; Dolman, A. Johannes; Haverd, Vanessa; Hartmann, Jens; Laruelle, Goulven; Konings, Alexandra G; King, Anthony W; Liu, Yi; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Maignan, Fabienne; Patra, Prabir K.; Peregon, Anna; Regnier, Pierre; Pongratz, Julia; Poulter, Ben; Shvidenko, Anatoly; Valentini, Riccardo; Wang, Rong; Broquet, Grégoire; Yin, Yi; Zscheischler, Jakob; Guenet, Bertrand; Goll, Daniel S.; Ballantyne, Ashley P.; Yang, Hui; Qiu, Chunjing; Zhu, Dan (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      Resolving regional carbon budgets is critical for informing land-based mitigation policy. For nine regions covering nearly the whole globe, we collected inventory estimates of carbon-stock changes complemented by satellite ...

    • En kunnskapsoversikt over klima og kjønn: Byrder, medvirkning og muligheter 

      Standal, Karina; Aamodt, Solveig (CICERO Report;2022:04, Report, 2022-03)
      Påvirkning av klimaendringer og klimatiltak, samt mulighet til å kunne delta og påvirke politikk og virkemidler i omstillingen til lavutslippssamfunnet, er betinget av grupper og enkeltindividers tilgang til ulike ressurser ...

    • Enabling sustainable urban road transport in China: A policy and institutional perspective 

      Zhang, X.L.; Hu, Xiaojun (CICERO Working Paper;2003:02, Working paper, 2003)
      This paper is an effort to investigate the approach to sustainable urban road transport in Chinese mega cities with an emphasis on policy and institutional perspectives. The study links the major “unsustainabilities” of ...

    • An Endogenous Emission Cap Produces a Green Paradox 

      Gerlagh, Reyer; Heijmans, Roweno; Rosendahl, Knut Einar (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The European Union’s Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) is complemented by a Market Stability Reserve (MSR). After a major revision of the EU ETS in 2018, the MSR effectively makes the supply of allowances responsive to ...

    • An Endogenous Emission Cap Produces a Green Paradox 

      Gerlagh, Reyer; Heijmans, Roweno; Rosendahl, Knut Einar (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The European Union’s Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) is complemented by a Market Stability Reserve (MSR). After a major revision of the EU ETS in 2018, the MSR effectively makes the supply of allowances responsive to ...

    • Endogenous Minimum Participation in International Environmental Agreements: An Experimental Analysis 

      McEvoy, DM; Cherry, Todd; Stranlund, JK (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015)
      Almost all international environmental treaties require a minimum number of countries to ratify the treaty before it enters into force. Despite the wide-spread use of this mechanism, little is known about its effectiveness ...

    • Energy and environment in Asia: Transnational and global issues 

      Hanisch, Ted; Gustafson, Dana (CICERO Working Paper;1992:05, Working paper, 1992)

    • Energy and sustainable urban transport development in China: Challenges and solutions 

      Zhang, X.L.; Hu, Xiaojun (CICERO Working Paper;2002:02, Working paper, 2002)
      This paper presents an overview of urban road transport development and challenges in energy consumption in China. It relates sustainable urban road transport development with energy consumption and environmental management. ...

    • Energy Budget Constraints on the Time History of Aerosol Forcing and Climate Sensitivity 

      Smith, Christopher J.; Harris, Glen R.; Palmer, Matthew D.; Bellouin, Nicolas; Collins, William J.; Myhre, Gunnar; Schulz, Michael; Golaz, Jean-Christophe; Ringer, Mark; Storelvmo, Trude; Forster, Piers M. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      An observationally constrained time series of historical aerosol effective radiative forcing (ERF) from 1750 to 2019 is developed in this study. We find that the time history of aerosol ERFs diagnosed in CMIP6 models ...

    • Energy development and environmental constraints in China 

      Gan, Lin (CICERO Working Paper;1997:04, Working paper, 1997)

    • Energy development and environmental NGOs: The Asian perspective 

      Gan, Lin (CICERO Working Paper;1998:03, Working paper, 1998)
      In summary, Asian NGOs play an important role in international and national energy and environmental activities. Their increasing presence in the world political arena has helped, in one way or another, reshape agendas of ...

    • Energy efficiency: A possible no-regrets option for curbing greenhouse gas emissions 

      Pettersen, Marit (CICERO Report;1994:02, Research report, 1994)
      The risk of global warming is a problem that is inherently international in its character. A solution may require international cooperation on a wide scale, but binding treaties are difficult to negotiate. Moreover, free ...